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The Logical Alien: Conant and His Critics

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“A remarkable book capable of reshaping what one takes philosophy to be.”—Cora Diamond, Kenan Professor of Philosophy Emerita, University of Virginia

Could there be a logical alien—a being whose ways of talking, inferring, and contradicting exhibit an entirely different logical shape than ours, yet who nonetheless is thinking? Could someone, contrary to the most basic rules of logic, think that two contradictory statements are both true at the same time? Such questions may seem outlandish, but they serve to highlight a fundamental philosophical question: is our logical form of thought merely one among many, or must it be the form of thought as such?

From Descartes and Kant to Frege and Wittgenstein, philosophers have wrestled with variants of this question, and with a range of competing answers. A seminal 1991 paper, James Conant’s “The Search for Logically Alien Thought,” placed that question at the forefront of contemporary philosophical inquiry. The Logical Alien, edited by Sofia Miguens, gathers Conant’s original article with reflections on it by eight distinguished philosophers—Jocelyn Benoist, Matthew Boyle, Martin Gustafsson, Arata Hamawaki, Adrian Moore, Barry Stroud, Peter Sullivan, and Charles Travis. Conant follows with a wide-ranging response that places the philosophical discussion in historical context, critiques his original paper, addresses the exegetical and systematic issues raised by others, and presents an alternative account.

The Logical Alien challenges contemporary conceptions of how logical and philosophical form must each relate to their content. This monumental volume offers the possibility of a new direction in philosophy.

Author:
Publisher: HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS
Pages: 1080
ISBN: 9780674335905
Cover: Hardback
Edition Number: 1
Release Year: 2020
  • I. The Bounds of Judgment
    • Introduction to Part I: Basic Necessities (or: The Shape of Thought) [Charles Travis and Sofia Miguens]
    • The Search for Logically Alien Thought: Descartes, Kant, Frege, and the Tractatus [James Conant]
    • What Descartes Ought to Have Thought about Modality [A. W. Moore]
    • Kant on Logic and the Laws of the Understanding [Matthew Boyle]
    • Cartesian Skepticism, Kantian Skepticism, and Two Conceptions of Self-Consciousness [Arata Hamawaki]
    • Logical Aliens and the “Ground” of Logical Necessity [Barry Stroud]
    • Varieties of Alien Thought [Peter Sullivan]
    • Wittgenstein on Using Language and Playing Chess: The Breakdown of an Analogy and Its Consequences [Martin Gustafsson]
    • Where Words Fail [Charles Travis]
    • Alien Meaning and Alienated Meaning [Jocelyn Benoist]
  • II. The Logical Alien Revisited: Afterthoughts and Responses
    • Introduction to Part II: On How History of Philosophy Can Be Illuminating [Sofia Miguens]
    • Replies [James Conant]
      • Section I: Who Is the Author of These Afterthoughts and Responses?
      • Section II: A History of Philosophy That Challenges Contemporary Preconceptions
      • Section III: Some Aspects of Conant’s Version of the History
      • Section IV: Theological Sources of Modern Conceptions of Logic
      • Section V: Leibnizian versus Kantian Conceptions of Logic
      • Section VI: A Resolute Reading of Descartes
      • Section VII: Reply to Moore: Descartes on the Relation of the Possible to the Actual
      • Section VIII: Reply to Boyle: Kant on the Relation of a Rational Capacity to Its Acts
      • Section IX: Reply to Hamawaki: On the Relation of Cartesian to Kantian Skepticism and the Relation of Consciousness to Self-Consciousness
      • Section X: Reply to Hamawaki and Stroud on Transcendental Arguments, Idealism, and the Kantian Solution of the Problem of Philosophy
      • Section XI: Reply to Stroud on Kant and Frege: On the Relation of Thought to Judgment
      • Section XII: Reply to Sullivan: Frege on the Priority of Logic to Everything
      • Section XIII: Reply to Gustafsson: Wittgenstein on the Relation of Sign to Symbol
      • Section XIV: Reply to Travis: Wittgenstein on the Non-Relation of Thinking to Being
      • Section XV: Reply to Benoist: Wittgenstein on the Relation of Language to Life
  • Bibliography
  • Index of Names
  • Index of Subjects

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