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Breaking the Two-Party Doom Loop: The Case for Multiparty Democracy in America

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American democracy is in deep crisis. But what do we do about it? That depends on how we understand what the crisis actually is.

In Breaking the Two-Party Doom Loop, Lee Drutman argues that we now have, for the first time in American history, a true two-party system, with two disciplined, national parties. And it's a disaster. It's driving us apart instead of bringing us together. And it's fundamentally at odds with our anti-majoritarian, compromise-oriented governing institutions. The conflict is unsustainable. Deftly weaving together history, democratic theory, and cutting edge political science research, Drutman tells the story of how American politics became so toxic, and why the country is trapped in a doom loop of escalating two-party warfare, and why it is destroying the shared sense of fairness and legitimacy on which democracy depends. The only way out is to have more partisanship—more parties, to short-circuit the zero-sum nature of binary partisan conflict. As he shows, the American system used to work because the two parties held within them multiple factions, which made it possible to assemble flexible majorities and kept the temperature of political combat from overheating. But as conservative Southern Democrats and liberal Northeastern Republicans disappeared, partisan conflict flattened and pulled apart. Once the parties became fully nationalized-a long-germinating process that culminated in 2010-toxic partisanship became the order of the day. With the two parties divided over competing visions of national identity, Democrats and Republicans no longer see each other as opponents, but as enemies. And the more the conflict escalates, the shakier our democracy feels.

Breaking the Two-Party Doom Loop makes a compelling case for large scale electoral reform-importantly, reform not requiring a constitutional amendment-that would give America more parties, making American democracy more representative, more responsive, and ultimately more stable.

Author: Drutman Lee
Publisher: OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
Pages: 272
ISBN: 9780190913854
Cover: Hardback
Edition Number: 1
Release Year: -

1 - Introduction

2 - Once upon a time, when the two parties were too similar
3 - The parties diverge, and keep diverging
4 - American political institutions and the collapse of the four-party system
5 - A binary conflict over national identity is bad for democracy
6 - Two-Party democracy turns out to be a disaster
7 - The Breakdown of Political Fairness (Here come the doom loops)
8 - Are parties the problem or the solution?
9 - The Case for Multiparty Democracy
10 - Designing A New American Electoral System
11 - The Politics of Electoral Reform

12 - The Future of American Democracy

Lee Drutman is a senior fellow in the Political Reform program at New America. He is the author of The Business of America is Lobbying (Oxford University Press, 2015) and winner of the 2016 American Political Science Association's Robert A. Dahl Award, given for "scholarship of the highest quality on the subject of democracy." In addition, he writes regularly for Polyarchy, a Vox blog. Drutman also teaches in the Center for Advanced Governmental Studies at The Johns Hopkins University. He holds a Ph.D. in political science from the University of California, Berkeley.

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