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Political Meritocracy in Renaissance Italy: The Virtuous Republic of Francesco Patrizi of Siena

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The first full-length study of Francesco Patrizi—the most important political philosopher of the Italian Renaissance before Machiavelli—who sought to reconcile conflicting claims of liberty and equality in the service of good governance.

At the heart of the Italian Renaissance was a longing to recapture the wisdom and virtue of Greece and Rome. But how could this be done? A new school of social reformers concluded that the best way to revitalize corrupt institutions was to promote an ambitious new form of political meritocracy aimed at nurturing virtuous citizens and political leaders.

The greatest thinker in this tradition of virtue politics was Francesco Patrizi of Siena, a humanist philosopher whose writings were once as famous as Machiavelli’s. Patrizi wrote two major works: On Founding Republics, addressing the enduring question of how to reconcile republican liberty with the principle of merit; and On Kingship and the Education of Kings, which lays out a detailed program of education designed to instill the qualities necessary for political leadership—above all, practical wisdom and sound character.

The first full-length study of Patrizi’s life and thought in any language, Political Meritocracy in Renaissance Italy argues that Patrizi is a thinker with profound lessons for our time. A pioneering advocate of universal literacy who believed urban planning could help shape civic values, he concluded that limiting the political power of the wealthy, protecting the poor from debt slavery, and reducing the political independence of the clergy were essential to a functioning society. These ideas were radical in his day. Far more than an exemplar of his time, Patrizi deserves to rank alongside the great political thinkers of the Renaissance: Machiavelli, Thomas More, and Jean Bodin.

Συγγραφέας: Hankins James
Εκδότης: HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS
Σελίδες: 448
ISBN: 9780674274709
Εξώφυλλο: Σκληρό Εξώφυλλο
Αριθμός Έκδοσης: 1
Έτος έκδοσης: 2023
  • Note on Sources
  • Timeline of Events in Patrizi’s Life
  • Introduction
  • 1. The Formation of a Political Philosopher
    • The Young Patrizi: Poet, Teacher, and Statesman
    • The Crisis of 1456: Condemnation and Exile
    • Governor of Foligno
    • Calm after the Storm: Gaeta, 1464–1494
  • 2. The Great Political Treatises
    • The Humanist Synthetic Treatise
    • How to Found a Republic
    • Aims in Writing the De republica and the Meaning of Institutio
    • On Kingship and Kingly Education
    • Patrizi’s Historico-prudential Method
  • 3. Principles of Republican Government
    • The Defense of Republics
    • Republican Values: The Rule of Law
    • Republican Values: Equality
    • Republican Principles: Liberty
    • Ranking Constitutions
    • Practical Wisdom in Warfare
  • 4. Meritocracy and the Optimal Republic
    • Meritocracy and the Best Regime
    • Which Citizens Should Be Admitted to Political Office?
    • How to Keep the Best Men in Charge
    • Deliberation and the Virtue of Free Speech
    • Preventing Corruption and Revolution
    • Magistracies in the Best Republic: General Principles, the Senate, Consuls
    • The Legal System
    • Censors, Quaestors, Overseers of Provisions, Aediles
    • Summary: The Patrizian Republic
  • 5. The Virtuous Society
    • Educating the Virtuous Citizen
    • The Roles of Wife and Husband
    • The Role of the State
    • A Scheme of Public Education
    • The Moral Economy: The Household, Unfree Labor, and Marriage
    • The Moral Economy: The City-State
    • Republican Architecture and Urban Planning
    • Piety and Religion in the Best Republic
  • 6. Citizenship and the Virtuous Citizen
    • Two Models of Citizenship
    • Who Should Be a Citizen in a Republic?
    • Inclusion of Workers among the Citizenry in a Republic
    • Admitting Foreigners to Citizenship
    • The Virtues of a Good Citizen
    • Royal Citizenship
  • 7. Virtuous Absolutism: Patrizi’s De regno
    • Rethinking Monarchy: The View from Gaeta
    • The Argument for Monarchy
    • Can Monarchical Power Be Virtuous?
    • The Ideal Prince
    • The Sources of Royal Legitimacy
    • How the King May Become Virtuous
    • Civil Friendship, Humanity, and Piety
    • Monarchy, Dyarchy, and the Future of Republics
  • Conclusion: Patrizi and Modern Politics
  • Appendix A: List of Patrizi’s Works (Compiled with the assistance of Caroline Engelmayer)
  • Appendix B: Editions, Translations, and Compendia of Patrizi’s Political Works, 1518–1702 (Compiled by Victoria Pipas)
  • Appendix C: Patrizi’s Epigram 14: “What Would Make Me Happy” (Latin text)
  • Abbreviations
  • Notes
  • Bibliography
  • Acknowledgments
  • Index

James Hankins is Professor of History at Harvard University and founder and General Editor of the I Tatti Renaissance Library. He is the author of Virtue Politics: Soulcraft and Statecraft in Renaissance Italy, winner of the Marraro Prize and a Times Literary Supplement Book of the Year; Political Meritocracy in Renaissance Italy: The Virtuous Republic of Francesco Patrizi of Siena; and Plato in the Italian Renaissance; and editor of The Cambridge Companion to Renaissance Philosophy. Widely regarded as one of the world’s leading authorities on Renaissance philosophy and political thought, he is a Corresponding Member of the British Academy.

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