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The Land of the Elephant Kings: Space, Territory, and Ideology in the Seleucid Empire

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The Seleucid Empire (311–64 BCE) was unlike anything the ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern worlds had seen. Stretching from present-day Bulgaria to Tajikistan—the bulk of Alexander the Great’s Asian conquests—the kingdom encompassed a territory of remarkable ethnic, religious, and linguistic diversity; yet it did not include Macedonia, the ancestral homeland of the dynasty. The Land of the Elephant Kings investigates how the Seleucid kings, ruling over lands to which they had no historic claim, attempted to transform this territory into a coherent and meaningful space.

Based on recent archaeological evidence and ancient primary sources, Paul J. Kosmin’s multidisciplinary approach treats the Seleucid Empire not as a mosaic of regions but as a land unified in imperial ideology and articulated by spatial practices. Kosmin uncovers how Seleucid geographers and ethnographers worked to naturalize the kingdom’s borders with India and Central Asia in ways that shaped Roman and later medieval understandings of “the East.” In the West, Seleucid rulers turned their backs on Macedonia, shifting their sense of homeland to Syria. By mapping the Seleucid kings’ travels and studying the cities they founded—an ambitious colonial policy that has influenced the Near East to this day—Kosmin shows how the empire’s territorial identity was constructed on the ground. In the empire’s final century, with enemies pressing harder and central power disintegrating, we see that the very modes by which Seleucid territory had been formed determined the way in which it fell apart.

Συγγραφέας: Kosmin Paul
Εκδότης: HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS
Σελίδες: 423
ISBN: 9780674986886
Εξώφυλλο: Μαλακό Εξώφυλλο
Αριθμός Έκδοσης: 1
Έτος έκδοσης: 2018
  • List of Maps*
  • List of Illustrations**
  • List of Abbreviations
  • Introduction
  • I. Border
    • 1. India—Diplomacy and Ethnography at the Mauryan Frontier
    • 2. Central Asia— Nomads, Ocean, and the Desire for Line
  • II. Homeland
    • 3. Macedonia—From Center to Periphery
    • 4. Syria—Diasporic Imperialism
    • Interlude—The Kingdom of Asia
  • III. Movement
    • 5. Arrivals and Departures
    • 6. The Circulatory System
  • IV. Colony
    • 7. King Makes City
    • 8. City Makes King
  • Conclusion
  • Appendix: On the Date of Megasthenes’ Indica
  • Notes
  • Glossary
  • References
  • Acknowledgments
  • Index
  • * Maps
    • 1. The Geography and topography of the Seleucid Empire
    • 2. Central Asia and India, with Ashoka’s inscriptions
    • 3. Western Asia Minor and European Thrace
    • 4. Cilicia and the Levant
    • 5. Frequency of royal travel, Antiochus I to Antiochus III
    • 6. Frequency of royal travel, Seleucus IV to Antiochus XII
    • 7. The Arab-Persian Gulf, Mesopotamia, and western Iran
    • 8. Seleucid colonial foundations, Seleucus I to Antiochus II
    • 9. Seleucid colonial foundations, Seleucus II to Demetrius III
  • ** Illustrations
    • 1. An elephant! Mount Karasis fort, Cilicia (Author’s photograph)
    • 2. The house of Seleucus (simplified) (Dates and kinship relations according to Ehling 2008)
    • 3. Atrosoces’ dedication to river Oxus, from the Takht-i Sangin temple, southern Tajikistan (Encyclopaedia Iranica s.v. Greece iii)
    • 4. Seleucid geography in the Tabula Peutingeriana (Bosio 1983: segment 11)
    • 5. Tryphic Heracles, Behistun, Iran (Author’s photograph)
    • 6. Satellite image of the Dasht-i Qala plain (Map data: Google, Cnes/Spot)
    • 7. Section through the city wall of Antioch-in-Margiane (Merv), Turkmenistan (Author’s photograph)
    • 8. Jebel Khalid, Syria (After Graeme Clarke)
    • 9. Early Seleucid Dura-Europus, Syria (After Gérard Thébault)
    • 10. Mount Karasis fort, Cilicia, with reconstruction of upper citadel (Timm Radt)
    • 11. Reconstructed plans of Seleucid cities: Seleucia-on-the-Tigris, Antioch-by-Daphne, Laodicea-by-the-Sea, Apamea-on-the-Axios, Apamea-on-the-Euphrates, Demetrias-Damascus, Beroea-Aleppo, Antioch-in-Margiane (After Hopkins 1972, Hoepfner 2004, Sauvaget 1934, Balty 1969, Abadia-Reynal and Gaborit 2003, Sauvaget 1949, Sauvaget 1941, and Hermann, Kurbansakhatov, and Simpson 2001)
    • 12. Temple of the Gadde relief, Dura-Europus, Syria (YUAG 1938.5314)
    • 13. Late Seleucid Dura-Europus, Syria (Pearson in Rostovtzeff 1941: 1.483)
    • 14. Plan and environs of Aï Khanoum, Afghanistan
    • 15. Seleucid semiautonomous coinage [Houghton, Lorber, and Hoover 2008: (a) #1444, (b) #2021, (c) #2185, (d) #2058, (e) #1779, (f) #2451, (g) #2471, (h) #1798, (i) #2012, (j) #2422]

Paul J. Kosmin is John L. Loeb Associate Professor of the Humanities at Harvard University. He is coeditor of Spear-Won Land: Sardis from the King’s Peace to the Peace of Apamea. Kosmin has been a Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study Fellow and a PAW Fellow at Princeton University, as well as an Oliver Smithies Lecturer at Oxford University.

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